免費解壓軟體推薦「7z壓縮軟體怎麼用」

7-Zip是一個支持7z(它實現了LZMA壓縮演算法，具有非常高的壓縮比)、LZMA2、XZ、ZIP、Zip64、CAB、ARJ、GZIP、BZIP2、TAR、CPIO、RPM、ISO、大多數文件系統映像和DEB格式的文件歸檔器。RAR格式由於不是免費許可，已經被刪除了。

環境

Centos7.7 Minimal
p7zip-16.02

安裝

默認Centos7沒有安裝p7zip安裝包，默認源裡面也沒有這個安裝包，需要安裝epel源才能安裝p7zip安裝包。

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install p7zip p7zip-plugins

使用方法

7z命令提供的函數字母與命令行選項類似，但使用時不使用-。這些參數字母告訴命令它需要執行的函數。

壓縮文件

創建一個壓縮包使用a參數

創建一個7z格式的壓縮包：

[root@localhost ~]# 7z a files.7z file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file4.txt 

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive:
4 files, 0 bytes

Creating archive: files.7z

Items to compress: 4

    
Files read from disk: 0
Archive size: 143 bytes (1 KiB)
Everything is Ok

執行完命令，查看一下是否已經創建7z格式的壓縮包

創建一個包含目錄的壓縮包：

[root@localhost ~]# 7z a gpg.7z .gnupg/

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive:
2 folders, 5 files, 8280 bytes (9 KiB)

Creating archive: gpg.7z

Items to compress: 7

    
Files read from disk: 2
Archive size: 4157 bytes (5 KiB)
Everything is Ok
[root@localhost ~]#

7zip還可以壓縮、解壓縮其他格式的壓縮包。比如：創建一個.zip格式的壓縮包。

[root@localhost ~]# 7z a files.zip file{1..4}.txt

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive:
4 files, 0 bytes

Creating archive: files.zip

Items to compress: 4

    
Files read from disk: 4
Archive size: 542 bytes (1 KiB)
Everything is Ok

列出壓縮包裡面的內容

列出壓縮包的內容使用l參數：

[root@localhost ~]# 7z l gpg.7z 

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)

Listing archive: gpg.7z

--
Path = gpg.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 4157
Headers Size = 278
Method = LZMA2:12k
Solid = +
Blocks = 1

   Date      Time    Attr         Size   Compressed  Name
------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
2020-01-04 18:24:05 D....            0            0  .gnupg
2020-01-04 18:22:36 D....            0            0  .gnupg/private-keys-v1.d
2020-01-04 18:24:48 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/S.gpg-agent
2020-01-04 18:22:36 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/pubring.gpg
2020-01-04 18:24:05 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/secring.gpg
2020-01-04 18:22:36 ....A         7680         3879  .gnupg/gpg.conf
2020-01-04 18:24:52 ....A          600               .gnupg/random_seed
------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
2020-01-04 18:24:52               8280         3879  5 files, 2 folders

解壓文件

使用e來解壓文件，解壓所有文件到當前目錄。（不推薦使用）

[root@localhost test]# 7z e gpg.7z 

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)

Extracting archive: gpg.7z
--
Path = gpg.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 4157
Headers Size = 278
Method = LZMA2:12k
Solid = +
Blocks = 1

Everything is Ok

Folders: 2
Files: 5
Size:       8280
Compressed: 4157

可以看到所有文件都解壓到當前目錄了。

現在使用x參數解壓文件看一下。

[root@localhost test]# 7z x gpg.7z 

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)

Extracting archive: gpg.7z
--
Path = gpg.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 4157
Headers Size = 278
Method = LZMA2:12k
Solid = +
Blocks = 1

Everything is Ok

Folders: 2
Files: 5
Size:       8280
Compressed: 4157

可以看到解壓出來的文件，按照原來文件的目錄形式解壓出來的。

更新壓縮包

一段時間之後，需要將一些新文件添加到文件夾中，並且希望將他們添加到壓縮包裡面，可以不用創建一個新的壓縮包，只需要更新現有的壓縮包就可以。

首先將test目錄壓縮

[root@localhost test]# 7z a files.7z test/

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive:
1 folder, 4 files, 0 bytes

Creating archive: files.7z

Items to compress: 5

    
Files read from disk: 0
Archive size: 158 bytes (1 KiB)
Everything is Ok

在test文件夾中創建幾個文件，然後再更新壓縮包：

[root@localhost test]# touch test/file{5..10}.txt
[root@localhost test]# 7z u files.7z test/

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Open archive: files.7z
--
Path = files.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 158
Headers Size = 158
Solid = -
Blocks = 0

Scanning the drive:
1 folder, 10 files, 0 bytes

Updating archive: files.7z

Items to compress: 7

    
Files read from disk: 0
Archive size: 186 bytes (1 KiB)
Everything is Ok

查看一下是否已經添加文件。

[root@localhost test]# 7z l files.7z 

7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 186 bytes (1 KiB)

Listing archive: files.7z

--
Path = files.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 186
Headers Size = 186
Solid = -
Blocks = 0

   Date      Time    Attr         Size   Compressed  Name
------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
2020-03-11 14:24:54 D....            0            0  test
2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file1.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file10.txt
2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file2.txt
2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file3.txt
2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file4.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file5.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file6.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file7.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file8.txt
2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file9.txt
------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
2020-03-11 14:24:54                  0            0  10 files, 1 folders