Python next()

內置函數next()用於從迭代器返回下一個元素。通常該函數用在循環中。當它到達迭代器的末尾時，它會拋出一個錯誤。為了避免這種情況，我們可以指定默認值。

 **next(iterator, default)** #where iterable can be list, tuple etc 

下一個()參數:

接受兩個參數。在這種情況下，迭代器可以是字元串、位元組、元組、列表或範圍，集合可以是字典、集合或凍結集合。

下一個()返回值

如果它到達迭代器的末尾，並且沒有指定默認值，它將引發 StopIteration 異常。

| 投入 | 返回值 |
| 迭代程序 | 迭代器的下一個元素 |

Python 中next()方法的示例

示例 1:如何獲取下一個項目

 random = [5, 9, 'cat']

# converting the list to an iterator
random_iterator = iter(random)
print(random_iterator)

# Output: 5
print(next(random_iterator))

# Output: 9
print(next(random_iterator))

# Output: 'cat'
print(next(random_iterator))

# This will raise Error
# iterator is exhausted
print(next(random_iterator)) 

輸出:

 <list_iterator at="" object="">5
9
cat
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "python", line 18, in <module>StopIteration</module></list_iterator> 

示例 2:將默認值傳遞給下一個()

 random = [5, 9]

# converting the list to an iterator
random_iterator = iter(random)

# Output: 5
print(next(random_iterator, '-1'))

# Output: 9
print(next(random_iterator, '-1'))

# random_iterator is exhausted
# Output: '-1'
print(next(random_iterator, '-1'))
print(next(random_iterator, '-1'))
print(next(random_iterator, '-1')) 

輸出:

5
9
-1
-1
-1 

示例 3:函數到達集合末尾時拋出一個錯誤

 # Python `next()` function example  
number = iter([256, 32, 82]) # Creating iterator  
# Calling function  
item = next(number)   
# Displaying result  
print(item)  
# second item  
item = next(number)  
print(item)  
# third item  
item = next(number)  
print(item)  
# fourth item  
item = next(number) # error, no item is present  
print(item) 

輸出:

Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "source_file.py", line 14, in 
    item = next(number)
StopIteration 
256
32
82