安裝mysql詳細步驟：mysql最新版下載安裝教程

最近在學習prometheus （普羅米修斯）監控主機、mysql、redis、容器等實操，今天在學習prometheus如何監控mysql主從庫實操，在安裝mysql資料庫的時候發現網上很多教程的mysql在線安裝地址要麼超時要麼已經不能使用，因為之前我centos7 的yum倉庫地址已經改成阿里雲的鏡像站了，所以我試著從阿里雲的鏡像站下載安裝mysql應該是最快的。

本篇就是根據自己的實際操作寫的在阿里雲yum下載安裝你的mysql資料庫

操作系統：centos 7

資料庫版本：mysql5.7

第一步:更換yum源為阿里雲yum

1.備份原始的CentOS-Base.repo

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2.下載新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/

centos7 如果wget命令不能使用可以curl命令去下載，2個命令選一個執行即可

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

3、更新本地緩存

yum clean all

yum makecache

第二步：查看刪除系統已安裝的mysql資料庫防止衝突

1.查看系統中是否自帶安裝mysql

yum list installed | grep mysql

2.刪除系統自帶的mysql及其依賴（防止衝突）

yum -y remove + 文件名

第三步：下載mysql資料庫版本安裝

1.如果你的centos沒有wget命令可以先安裝

yum install wget -y

2.到阿里雲鏡像站選擇自己的mysql版本然後選擇下載對應的rpm文件

MySQL版本

3.我這邊選擇安裝mysql5.7.3.5的版本，右鍵選擇複製地址

4.開始下載rpm文件

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

可以看到阿里的下載速度還是很快的，6MB/S的下載速度

5.安裝mysql

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安裝提示有錯誤

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64
        mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.35-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64
        net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64

主要就是提示缺少依賴，那我們就把相應的依賴包也一併下載下來

mysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

net-tools

先安裝net-tools 你可以直接使用yum -y install net-tools 直接安裝

開始安裝依賴包：

rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

在安裝依賴的時候可能會提示跟mariadb-libs 的庫文件衝突，我們先刪除系統里的mariadb資料庫

刪除mariadb

rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64
yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64

刪除完後繼續安裝上面的幾個依賴包

安裝完以後就可以安裝最開始那個

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安裝進度

進度跳走完我們的mysql已經安裝完了

第四步：開啟mysql並做配置

啟動mysql服務並設置開機啟動

systemctl start mysqld

查看mysql狀態

systemctl status mysqld

mysql已經正常在運行了

設置開機自動啟動

chkconfig mysqld on

獲取mysql的臨時密碼

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

紅框里的就是臨時密碼

使用臨時密碼登錄

修改密碼

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密碼';

設置字符集為utf-8

查詢 mysql 字符集：

show variables like 'chara%';

編輯 my.cnf 文件：vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
  default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

# # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid default-storage-engine=INNODB character-set-server=utf8 collation-server=utf8_general_ci

保存退出後重啟mysql

重啟mysql服務：systemctl restart mysqld