Mac Elasticsearch詳細解析

一、簡介

Mac Elasticsearch是一款用於實時搜索和分析的開源搜索引擎，由Apache Lucene構建而成，可通過HTTP請求進行數據搜索、存儲及分析。該搜索引擎具有快速、穩定、可擴展性強等特點，廣泛應用於全文搜索、日誌分析、應用程序性能監測等領域。

二、部署和配置

1、安裝Java運行環境

brew cask install java

2、下載elasticsearch安裝包，並解壓

wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.13.1-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf elasticsearch-7.13.1-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz

3、修改配置文件

cd elasticsearch-7.13.1/config
vim elasticsearch.yml

在文件中添加以下內容：

cluster.name: my-application
node.name: node-1
path.data: /path/to/data
path.logs: /path/to/logs
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.port: 9200

4、啟動elasticsearch

cd elasticsearch-7.13.1/bin
./elasticsearch

三、索引和搜索

1、創建索引

PUT /my-index
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 2
  }
}

2、批量添加數據

POST /my-index/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": "1" }}
{ "title": "Mac Elasticsearch", "body": "This is a great search engine." }
{ "index": { "_id": "2" }}
{ "title": "Java Programming", "body": "Java is a popular programming language." }

3、搜索數據

GET /my-index/_search?q=title:elasticsearch

返回結果：

{
  "took": 1,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 3,
    "successful": 3,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 1,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 0.18232156,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "my-index",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.18232156,
        "_source": {
          "title": "Mac Elasticsearch",
          "body": "This is a great search engine."
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

四、聚合和過濾

1、按照年齡分組，統計每組人數

GET /people/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "age_groups": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age"
      }
    }
  }
}

2、按照年齡分組，統計每個分組中身高最低的人的信息

GET /people/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "age_groups": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "shortest_person": {
          "top_hits": {
            "sort": [
              {
                "height": {
                  "order": "asc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "size": 1
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

3、過濾結果，只顯示身高在170cm以上的人

GET /people/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match_all": {} }
      ],
      "filter": [
        { "range": { "height": { "gte": 170 } } }
      ]
    }
  }
}

五、常用API

1、索引API

PUT /my-index
POST /my-index/_doc/1
{
  "title": "Mac Elasticsearch",
  "body": "This is a great search engine."
}
GET /my-index/_doc/1
DELETE /my-index/_doc/1

2、搜索API

GET /my-index/_search?q=title:elasticsearch
GET /my-index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "title": "elasticsearch"
    }
  }
}

3、聚合API

GET /my-index/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "age_groups": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age"
      }
    }
  }
}

4、更新API

POST /my-index/_doc/1/_update
{
  "doc": {
    "title": "New title",
    "body": "This is a great search engine."
  }
}

5、刪除API

DELETE /my-index

六、結論

Mac Elasticsearch是一款功能強大的搜索引擎，支持實時搜索和分析等功能，而且配置簡單、API豐富，應用範圍廣泛。開發者可以根據自己的需求，通過索引和搜索實現全文搜索、日誌分析、數據監測等功能，讓應用程序性能更加優越。