華為防火牆配置詳解

華為防火牆是一款功能強大的網絡安全產品，除了基本的防火牆功能外，還提供了許多高級的安全策略配置。本文將從多個方面對華為防火牆配置進行詳細闡述，幫助讀者更好地掌握該產品。

一、基本配置

1、IP地址配置

[USG]sysname USG
[USG]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[USG]save

2、防火牆規則配置

[USG]firewall zone trust
[USG-firewall-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-firewall-zone-trust]quit
[USG]firewall zone untrust
[USG-firewall-zone-untrust]add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[USG-firewall-zone-untrust]quit
[USG]firewall interzone trust untrust
[USG-firewall-interzone-trust-untrust]detect ftp
[USG-firewall-interzone-trust-untrust]policy accept
[USG-firewall-interzone-trust-untrust]quit
[USG]save

二、高級配置

1、流量控制

1.1 帶寬管理

[USG]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]traffic-shaping cir 20000 cbs 2000000 pir 30000
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

1.2 QoS

[USG]traffic classifier tcp port1 operator and
[USG-classifier-tcp-port1]if-match acl 3015
[USG-classifier-tcp-port1]quit
[USG]traffic classifier udp port2 operator and
[USG-classifier-udp-port2]if-match acl 3016
[USG-classifier-udp-port2]quit
[USG]traffic behavior tcp priority
[USG-behavior-tcp-priority]car cir 40000 cbs 2000000 green pass yellow discard
[USG-behavior-tcp-priority]queue length 2000
[USG-behavior-tcp-priority]quit
[USG]traffic behavior udp normal
[USG-behavior-udp-normal]quit
[USG]traffic policy tcp-udp
[USG-trafficpolicy-tcp-udp]classifier tcp port1 behavior tcp priority
[USG-trafficpolicy-tcp-udp]classifier udp port2 behavior udp normal
[USG-trafficpolicy-tcp-udp]quit
[USG]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]traffic-policy tcp-udp inbound
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

2、安全威脅防範

2.1 DDoS防禦

[USG]ddos protect-template tpl1
[USG-ddos-protect-template-tpl1]blacklist duration 60
[USG-ddos-protect-template-tpl1]log enable
[USG-ddos-protect-template-tpl1]quit
[USG]ddos policy policy1
[USG-ddos-policy-policy1]mitigate-time 300
[USG-ddos-policy-policy1]undo enable
[USG-ddos-policy-policy1]template tpl1
[USG-ddos-policy-policy1]quit
[USG]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ddos policy policy1 inbound

2.2 IPS/AV

[USG]object security security1
[USG-object-security-security1]threat-type web-attack
[USG-object-security-security1]detect-mode preventive
[USG-object-security-security1]reset
[USG-object-security-security1]quit 
[USG]security-policy policy1
[USG-security-policy-policy1]rule 1 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 target any security-profile security1 action block
[USG-security-policy-policy1]quit 

3、VPN

3.1 IPSec VPN

[USG]ipsec proposal prop1
[USG-ipsec-proposal-prop1]esp authentication-algorithm sha1
[USG-ipsec-proposal-prop1]esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
[USG-ipsec-proposal-prop1]ah authentication-algorithm sha1
[USG-ipsec-proposal-prop1]quit
[USG]ipsec policy policy1
[USG-ipsec-policy-policy1]proposal prop1
[USG-ipsec-policy-policy1]quit
[USG]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1-tunnel]ipsec policy policy1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1-tunnel]tunnel source 172.30.1.1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1-tunnel]tunnel destination 172.30.2.1
[USG-GigabitEthernet0/0/1-tunnel]quit

3.2 SSL VPN

[USG]ssl vpn server openvpn
[USG-ssl-vpn-server-openvpn]port 8443
[USG-ssl-vpn-server-openvpn]ip 192.168.1.1
[USG-ssl-vpn-server-openvpn]quit
[USG]interface Vlanif1
[USG-Vlanif1]ssl vpn gateway-policy policy1
[USG-Vlanif1]quit
[USG]ssl vpn gateway policy1
[USG-ssl-vpn-gateway-policy1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[USG-ssl-vpn-gateway-policy1]address 192.168.1.1
[USG-ssl-vpn-gateway-policy1]quit
[USG]ssl vpn auth policy policy1
[USG-ssl-vpn-auth-policy-policy1]user-group huawei
[USG-ssl-vpn-auth-policy-policy1]quit
[USG]ssl vpn acl 1015
[USG-acl-adv-1015]rule 5 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[USG-acl-adv-1015]quit
[USG]interface Vlanif1
[USG-Vlanif1]ssl vpn acl 1015
[USG-Vlanif1]quit

三、總結

以上是華為防火牆配置的部分內容，其它功能如日誌管理、社交應用防禦、MAC地址綁定、靜態NAT等配置，讀者可以根據需要自行學習。總的來說，華為防火牆的安全性能非常出色，可以滿足大多數企業的需求。