Python PrettyTable 模塊

在本教程中，我們將學習使用 Python PrettyTable 模塊創建一個關係表。我們將在不使用外部庫的情況下創建表。

什麼是漂亮的桌子？

漂亮的表格是表格形式的數據的可視化表示。這些是 ASCII 表，很容易使用。可修改庫由可修改類組成，用於創建關係表。要使用這個庫，我們需要使用下面的命令安裝它。

裝置

pip install prettytable

使用漂亮的表格創建表格

在這裡，我們將使用漂亮的表模塊創建行方式的表。讓我們理解下面的例子。

示例- 1: 逐行創建表格

from prettytable import PrettyTable

# Creating a new table 
newTable = PrettyTable(["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Makrs"])

# Add rows
newTable.add_row(["Camron", "X", "English", "91"])
newTable.add_row(["Haris", "X", "Math", "63"])
newTable.add_row(["Jenny", "X", "Science", "90"])
newTable.add_row(["Bernald", "X", "Art", "92"])
newTable.add_row(["Jackson", "X", "Science", "98"])
newTable.add_row(["Samual", "X", "English", "88"])
newTable.add_row(["Stark", "X", "English", "95"])

print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------+
|    Camron    |   X   | English |   91  |
|    Haris     |   X   |   Math  |   63  |
|    Jenny     |   X   | Science |   90  |
|   Bernald    |   X   |   Art   |   92  |
|   Jackson    |   X   | Science |   98  |
|    Samual    |   X   | English |   88  |
|    Stark     |   X   | English |   95  |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------+

示例- 2:列方向表

from prettytable import PrettyTable

columns = ["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Marks"]

newTable = PrettyTable()

# Add Columns
newTable.add_column(columns[0], ["Jacob", "Peter", "Grenger",
                    "Stark", "Falcon", "Matthew", "Jackson"])
newTable.add_column(columns[1], ["X", "X", "X", "X", "X", "X", "X"])
newTable.add_column(columns[2], ["English", "Art", "Science", "Math", "Science", "English", "English"])
newTable.add_column(columns[3], ["91", "63", "90", "92",
                                        "98", "83", "95"])

print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------------------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Marks |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------------------+
|    Jacob             |   X     | English |   91    |
|    Peter             |   X     |   Art   |   63    |
|   Grenger            |   X     | Science |   90    |
|    Stark             |   X     |   Math  |   92    |
|    Falcon            |   X     | Science |   98    |
|   Matthew            |   X     | English |   83    |
|   Jackson            |   X     | English |   95    |
+--------------+-------+---------+------------------+

我們使用了漂亮表模塊的 add_column() 方法。

示例- 2:一次性添加行

from prettytable import PrettyTable

# Creating a new table
newTable = PrettyTable(["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Makrs"])

# # Add rows
newTable.add_rows( 
    [
        ["Camron", "X", "English", "91"],
        ["Haris", "X", "Math", "63"],
        ["Jenny", "X", "Science", "90"],
        ["Bernald", "X", "Art", "92"],
        ["Jackson", "X", "Science", "98"],
        ["Samual", "X", "English", "88"],
        ["Stark", "X", "English", "95"],

    ]
)

print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------+
|    Camron    |   X   | English |   91  |
|    Haris     |   X   |   Math  |   63  |
|    Jenny     |   X   | Science |   90  |
|   Bernald    |   X   |   Art   |   92  |
|   Jackson    |   X   | Science |   98  |
|    Samual    |   X   | English |   88  |
|    Stark     |   X   | English |   95  |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------+

可修改的刪除行

這個模塊提供了 del_row()方法，允許我們移除行。它接受要刪除的索引值並移除行。索引從零開始。讓我們理解下面的代碼。

示例-

from prettytable import PrettyTable

# Creating a new table
newTable = PrettyTable(["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Makrs"])

# # Add rows
newTable.add_row(["Camron", "X", "English", "91"])
newTable.add_row(["Haris", "X", "Math", "63"])
newTable.add_row(["Jenny", "X", "Science", "90"])
newTable.add_row(["Bernald", "X", "Art", "92"])
newTable.add_row(["Jackson", "X", "Science", "98"])
newTable.add_row(["Samual", "X", "English", "88"])
newTable.add_row(["Stark", "X", "English", "95"])

newTable.del_row(1)
newTable.del_row(2)
newTable.del_row(3)

print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------+
|    Camron          |   X   | English |   91   |
|    Jenny               |   X   | Science |   90  |
|   Jackson            |   X   | Science |   98  |
|    Stark                |   X   | English |   95  |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------+

它將從表中刪除特定的行。要清除整個表，我們使用以下方法。

myTable.clear_rows()

示例- 2

from prettytable import PrettyTable

# Creating a new table
newTable = PrettyTable(["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Makrs"])

# # Add rows
newTable.add_row(["Camron", "X", "English", "91"])
newTable.add_row(["Haris", "X", "Math", "63"])
newTable.add_row(["Jenny", "X", "Science", "90"])
newTable.add_row(["Bernald", "X", "Art", "92"])
newTable.add_row(["Jackson", "X", "Science", "98"])
newTable.add_row(["Samual", "X", "English", "88"])
newTable.add_row(["Stark", "X", "English", "95"])

newTable.clear_rows()

print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+------------------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
+--------------+-------+---------+--------------------+
+--------------+-------+---------+--------------------+

正如我們在上面的代碼中看到的，所有的行都被刪除了。我們只能看到列名。

獲取特定的行和列

可修改的主要目的是得到 ASCII 形式的表格。我們可以使用以下方法來限制表的輸出。

get_string(fields=["Column 1", "Column2", .............., ColumnN]

讓我們理解下面的例子。

示例:

from prettytable import PrettyTable

# Creating a new table
newTable = PrettyTable(["Student Name", "Class", "Subject", "Makrs"])

# # Add rows
newTable.add_rows( 
    [
        ["Camron", "X", "English", "91"],
        ["Haris", "X", "Math", "63"],
        ["Jenny", "X", "Science", "90"],
        ["Bernald", "X", "Art", "92"],
        ["Jackson", "X", "Science", "98"],
        ["Samual", "X", "English", "88"],
        ["Stark", "X", "English", "95"],

    ]
)

print(newTable.get_string(fields=["Student Name", "Class"]))

輸出

+--------------+--------------+
| Student Name | Class |
+--------------+--------------+
|    Camron          |   X   |
|    Haris               |   X   |
|    Jenny               |   X   |
|   Bernald            |   X   |
|   Jackson            |   X   |
|    Samual            |   X   |
|    Stark                |   X   |
+--------------+---------------+

field 參數接受要打印的字段名列表。

我們也可以用下面的方法來控制結果。

print(newTable.get_string(start=1, end=4)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------------------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
+--------------+-------+---------+-------------------+
|    Camron          |   X   | English |   91  |
|    Haris               |   X   |   Math  |   63  |
|    Jenny             |   X   | Science |   90  |
+--------------+-------+---------+------------------+

更改列的對齊方式

我們可以觀察到表中的所有列都居中對齊。我們可以根據需要改變，給分配一個字符，對齊屬性。有三個字符串——「l」(代表左邊)、「r」(代表右邊)和「c」(代表中間)分別對齊。

讓我們看看下面的例子。

示例-

newTable.align = 'r'
print(newTable)

輸出

+--------------+-------+---------+-------------------+
| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
+--------------+-------+---------+------------------+
|           Camron |     X | English |    91  |
|             Haris  |     X |    Math |    63 |
|             Jenny |     X | Science |    90 |
|            Bernald |     X |     Art |    92 |
|           Jackson |     X | Science |    98 |
|           Samual  |     X | English |    88 |
|            Stark     |     X | English |    95 |
+--------------+-------+---------+------------------+

更改表格的外觀

默認表看起來像一個 SQL 數據庫 Shell。但是，我們可以用其他格式修改表格外觀。漂亮的表格模塊提供了 set_style() 方法，在 MSWord 友好中轉換表格。

讓我們看看下面的例子。

示例-在創建表代碼中添加以下代碼。

from prettytable import MSWORD_FRIENDLY

newTable.set_style(MSWORD_FRIENDLY)
print(newTable)

輸出

| Student Name | Class | Subject | Makrs |
|    Camron         |   X   | English   |       91  |
|    Haris              |   X   |   Math     |   63  |
|    Jenny              |   X   | Science   |   90  |
|   Bernald           |   X   |   Art         |   92  |
|   Jackson           |   X   | Science   |   98  |
|    Samual           |   X   | English   |   88  |
|    Stark               |   X   | English   |   95  |

我們可以清楚地看到默認表和 MSWord 友好表的區別。

結論

我們已經使用可修改的模塊討論了表格中的一些重要操作。這是一個使用 Python 腳本處理表的非常有效的模塊。