使用SpringBoot調用Web Service接口

一、什麼是Web Service

Web Service是一種基於Web的技術，允許兩個應用程序之間進行交互，而無需了解對方應用程序的語言、操作系統和網絡協議。Web Service採用標準的XML消息機制，實現跨平台、跨語言和跨網絡的通信。

二、SpringBoot框架

SpringBoot是一種基於Spring框架的開發方式，通過簡化配置文件的方式，使得我們可以快速地構建Spring應用程序。SpringBoot直接嵌入Tomcat容器，可以直接運行成為一個獨立的應用程序。

三、調用Web Service接口的流程

使用SpringBoot調用Web Service接口，通常需要經過以下幾個步驟：

1、導入WebService客戶端

在pom.xml文件中加入WebService客戶端的依賴：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、創建Web Service客戶端代理類

使用JaxWsProxyFactoryBean類創建Web Service客戶端代理類：

@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "webServiceTemplate")
    public WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
        WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate = new WebServiceTemplate();
        webServiceTemplate.setMarshaller(marshaller);
        webServiceTemplate.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
        webServiceTemplate.setMessageSender(httpUrlConnectionMessageSender());
        return webServiceTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name="httpUrlConnectionMessageSender")
    public HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender httpUrlConnectionMessageSender() {
        return new HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender();
    }

    @Bean
    public Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller() {
        Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
        marshaller.setContextPath("com.example.demo");
        return marshaller;
    }

    @Bean(name="testServiceClient")
    public TestService testServiceClient(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
        JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
        factory.setServiceClass(TestService.class);
        factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/TestService");
        factory.setServiceName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServicePort"));
        factory.setEndpointName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServiceSoap"));
        factory.setBindingId(SOAPBinding.SOAP11HTTP_BINDING);
        factory.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
        factory.setMarshaller(marshaller);

        Object obj = factory.create();
        return (TestService) obj;
    }

}

3、調用Web Service接口

在控制器中使用Web Service客戶端代理類調用Web Service接口：

@Controller
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    private TestService testServiceClient;

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test() {
        TestRequest request = new TestRequest();
        request.setParam("test");
        TestResponse response = testServiceClient.test(request);
        return response.getResult();
    }

}

四、示例代碼

下面是一個完整的Demo代碼：

1、創建Web Service服務端

創建一個Java項目，添加以下依賴：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>

創建接口TestService：

@WebService
public interface TestService {
    @WebMethod(operationName = "test")
    TestResponse test(@WebParam(name = "request") TestRequest request);
}

創建請求類TestRequest：

@XmlRootElement(name="TestRequest")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class TestRequest implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String param;

    public String getParam() {
        return param;
    }

    public void setParam(String param) {
        this.param = param;
    }

}

創建響應類TestResponse：

@XmlRootElement(name="TestResponse")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class TestResponse implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String result;

    public String getResult() {
        return result;
    }

    public void setResult(String result) {
        this.result = result;
    }

}

實現TestService接口：

@WebService(endpointInterface = "com.example.demo.TestService")
@Component
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {

    @Override
    public TestResponse test(TestRequest request) {
        TestResponse response = new TestResponse();
        String result = "Hello " + request.getParam();
        response.setResult(result);
        return response;
    }

}

2、創建SpringBoot應用程序客戶端

創建一個SpringBoot項目，添加以下依賴：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>

編寫啟動類：

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

配置WebService客戶端：

@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "webServiceTemplate")
    public WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
        WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate = new WebServiceTemplate();
        webServiceTemplate.setMarshaller(marshaller);
        webServiceTemplate.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
        webServiceTemplate.setMessageSender(httpUrlConnectionMessageSender());
        return webServiceTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name="httpUrlConnectionMessageSender")
    public HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender httpUrlConnectionMessageSender() {
        return new HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender();
    }

    @Bean
    public Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller() {
        Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
        marshaller.setContextPath("com.example.demo");
        return marshaller;
    }

    @Bean(name="testServiceClient")
    public TestService testServiceClient(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
        JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
        factory.setServiceClass(TestService.class);
        factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/TestService");
        factory.setServiceName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServicePort"));
        factory.setEndpointName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServiceSoap"));
        factory.setBindingId(SOAPBinding.SOAP11HTTP_BINDING);
        factory.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
        factory.setMarshaller(marshaller);

        Object obj = factory.create();
        return (TestService) obj;
    }

}

編寫控制器：

@Controller
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    private TestService testServiceClient;

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test() {
        TestRequest request = new TestRequest();
        request.setParam("test");
        TestResponse response = testServiceClient.test(request);
        return response.getResult();
    }

}

五、總結

本文介紹了如何使用SpringBoot調用Web Service接口的方法，從Web Service的基本概念、SpringBoot框架、調用Web Service接口的流程和示例代碼四個方面進行了詳細的闡述。