NRF52是Nordic Semi公司推出的一款低功耗藍牙SoC,專為藍牙5(BLE)、802.15.4、Thread和ANT協議設計,它採用了ARM Cortex-M4F處理器和2.4GHz專利無線電協議,結合了高度靈活性,可靠性和安全性。它能夠應用於智能家居、健身和健康、運動設備、工業自動化等廣泛領域。下面將從多個方面闡述NRF52為中心的內容。
一、低功耗特性
NRF52作為低功耗的芯片在市場上廣受歡迎。通常情況下,它在待機模式下的功耗僅有1微安。使用BLE時,它的功率比其他芯片低40%,同時還實現了更遠的無線距離。
下面是一個示例代碼部分:
// Set the advertising parameters
NRF_BLE_ADV_DEF(m_advertising);
static uint8_t m_adv_handle = BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_HANDLE_NOT_SET;
static ble_gap_adv_properties_t m_adv_properties = {
.type = BLE_GAP_ADV_TYPE_CONNECTABLE_SCANNABLE_UNDIRECTED,
.p_peer_addr = NULL,
.fp = BLE_GAP_ADV_FP_ANY,
.interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL,
.duration = 0,
.primary_phy = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
.secondary_phy = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
.channel_mask = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, //all channels
.max_skip = 0
};
// Start advertising.
void advertising_start() {
uint32_t err_code;
if(m_adv_handle == BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_HANDLE_NOT_SET) {
err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_set_configure(&m_advertising, &m_adv_properties);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
m_adv_handle = err_code;
}
err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_start(m_adv_handle, BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG_DEFAULT);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
// Stop advertising.
void advertising_stop() {
uint32_t err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_stop(m_adv_handle);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
二、通用天線
NRF52芯片還配備了內置天線,這意味着您無需連接外部天線即可進行通訊。內置天線還可減小系統集成所需的空間,從而使產品設計更加簡單。
下面是一個示例代碼部分:
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG 1 /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */
void nrf52_ble_init(void) {
uint32_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_ble_init(&m_ble_init, NULL);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
ble_advertising_init_t init;
memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));
init.advdata.name_type = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
init.advdata.include_appearance = false;
init.advdata.flags = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;
init.srdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = 1;
init.srdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids = &m_adv_uuid;
err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
}
三、安全性
NRF52提供了許多內置安全功能,例如AES加密,SHA(安全哈希算法)和True Random Number Generator(TRNG)。AES加密可以在處理器上進行加密和解密,從而提高處理性能並加強加密。使用SHA可以提供數據的完整性和強大的身份驗證,而TRNG則可生成真正隨機的數字,可以用於密鑰生成和其他安全應用。
下面是一個示例代碼部分:
#define AES_BLOCK_SIZE 16
// Create a single instance of AES context
typedef struct {
nrf_crypto_aes_context_t enc_ctx;
nrf_crypto_aes_context_t dec_ctx;
} security_context_t;
security_context_t m_cxt;
// Initialize the encryption / decryption contexts
void security_init(uint8_t *p_key) {
nrf_crypto_aes_init(&m_cxt.enc_ctx, &g_nrf_crypto_aes_ecb_128_info, p_key);
nrf_crypto_aes_init(&m_cxt.dec_ctx, &g_nrf_crypto_aes_ecb_128_info, p_key);
}
// Perform encryption of a single block using AES ECB mode
void security_encrypt(uint8_t *p_in, uint8_t *p_out) {
uint8_t ctext[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
nrf_crypto_aes_ecb_encrypt(&m_cxt.enc_ctx, p_in, ctext);
memcpy(p_out, ctext, AES_BLOCK_SIZE);
}
// Perform decryption of a single block using AES ECB mode
void security_decrypt(uint8_t *p_in, uint8_t *p_out) {
uint8_t ptext[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
nrf_crypto_aes_ecb_decrypt(&m_cxt.dec_ctx, p_in, ptext);
memcpy(p_out, ptext, AES_BLOCK_SIZE);
}
四、靈活性
NRF52提供許多可編程的外設,這使得它非常靈活,可以針對不同的應用程序進行編程。例如,它允許使用SPI,I2C和USART接口實現許多不同的傳輸協議。它還支持多種類型的傳感器,並具有低功耗特性,適用於物聯網設備。
下面是一個示例代碼部分:
// Initialize the I2C interface
#define I2C_SCL_PIN 15
#define I2C_SDA_PIN 16
#define I2C_FREQUENCY NRF_TWIM_FREQ_400K
nrf_drv_twi_config_t twi_config = {
.scl = I2C_SCL_PIN,
.sda = I2C_SDA_PIN,
.frequency = I2C_FREQUENCY,
.interrupt_priority = APP_IRQ_PRIORITY_HIGH,
.clear_bus_init = false
};
void i2c_initialize() {
ret_code_t err_code;
nrf_drv_twi_init(&m_twi, &twi_config, NULL, NULL);
nrf_drv_twi_enable(&m_twi);
}
// Read data from a sensor using I2C
uint32_t i2c_read(uint8_t slave_address, uint8_t *p_data, uint32_t data_size) {
uint32_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_drv_twi_tx(&m_twi, slave_address, NULL, 0, true);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = nrf_drv_twi_rx(&m_twi, slave_address, p_data, data_size);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
return data_size;
}
// Write data to a sensor using I2C
uint32_t i2c_write(uint8_t slave_address, uint8_t *p_data, uint32_t data_size) {
uint32_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_drv_twi_tx(&m_twi, slave_address, p_data, data_size, false);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
return data_size;
}
五、小結
綜上所述,NRF52作為一款低功耗藍牙SoC具有強大的靈活性和內置安全功能,提供多個可編程外設,使得它成為物聯網和其他低功耗應用程序的理想選擇。同時,它還配備了內置通用天線,使用起來更加方便。
原創文章,作者:小藍,如若轉載,請註明出處:https://www.506064.com/zh-hk/n/254270.html
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