一、ImageView簡介
Android ImageView是一個用於顯示圖像的控件。它可以通過資源或bitmap對象加載圖像。ImageView可以在應用程序中佔據重要的位置,它可以顯示應用程序的logo、產品圖像、用戶個人圖像等。其使用非常廣泛。
二、ImageView的屬性
在使用ImageView時,我們經常需要設置一些屬性來滿足特定的需求。以下是一些常用屬性。
1、android:src:指定ImageView要顯示的圖像資源的路徑或url地址。
2、android:scaleType:指定如何顯示圖像。它分別有center、centerCrop、centerInside、fitCenter、fitEnd、fitStart、fitXY這幾種顯示方式。
3、android:tint:指定ImageView的着色顏色。
4、android:adjustViewBounds:設置ImageView是否根據圖像大小調整視圖界限。
三、ImageView的常見使用方法
1、使用本地資源文件
如果我們有本地的一張圖片,需要在ImageView中進行展示,可以通過以下代碼實現:
//在xml文件中設置
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="200dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:src="@drawable/image" />
//在java文件中設置
ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.image);
2、使用網絡圖片
我們也可以使用網絡上的圖片來展示。
//引入Glide庫
dependencies {
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.11.0'
annotationProcessor 'com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:4.9.0'
}
//在java文件中設置
ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);
Glide.with(this).load("圖片url").into(imageView);
3、使用圓形圖片
有時我們會需要將圖片設置成圓形。可以使用以下代碼實現。
//創建CircleImageView類
public class CircleImageView extends ImageView {
private static final ScaleType SCALE_TYPE = ScaleType.CENTER_CROP;
private static final Bitmap.Config BITMAP_CONFIG = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
private static final int COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION = 1;
private static final int DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH = 0;
private static final int DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR = Color.BLACK;
private static final int DEFAULT_FILL_COLOR = Color.TRANSPARENT;
private final RectF mDrawableRect = new RectF();
private final RectF mBorderRect = new RectF();
private final Matrix mShaderMatrix = new Matrix();
private final Paint mBitmapPaint = new Paint();
private final Paint mBorderPaint = new Paint();
private final Paint mFillPaint = new Paint();
private int mBorderColor = DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR;
private int mBorderWidth = DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH;
private int mFillColor = DEFAULT_FILL_COLOR;
private Bitmap mBitmap;
private BitmapShader mBitmapShader;
private int mBitmapWidth;
private int mBitmapHeight;
private float mDrawableRadius;
private float mBorderRadius;
private boolean mReady;
private boolean mSetupPending;
public CircleImageView(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CircleImageView, defStyle, 0);
mBorderWidth = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_width, DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH);
mBorderColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_color, DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR);
mFillColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CircleImageView_fill_color, DEFAULT_FILL_COLOR);
a.recycle();
init();
}
private void init() {
super.setScaleType(SCALE_TYPE);
mReady = true;
if (mSetupPending) {
setup();
mSetupPending = false;
}
}
@Override
public ScaleType getScaleType() {
return SCALE_TYPE;
}
@Override
public void setScaleType(ScaleType scaleType) {
if (scaleType != SCALE_TYPE) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("ScaleType %s not supported.", scaleType));
}
}
@Override
public void setAdjustViewBounds(boolean adjustViewBounds) {
if (adjustViewBounds) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("adjustViewBounds not supported.");
}
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
if (mBitmap == null) {
return;
}
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, mDrawableRadius, mFillPaint);
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, mBorderRadius, mBorderPaint);
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, mDrawableRadius, mBitmapPaint);
}
@Override
protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
setup();
}
public int getBorderColor() {
return mBorderColor;
}
public void setBorderColor(int borderColor) {
if (borderColor == mBorderColor) {
return;
}
mBorderColor = borderColor;
mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
invalidate();
}
public void setFillColor(int fillColor) {
if (fillColor == mFillColor) {
return;
}
mFillColor = fillColor;
mFillPaint.setColor(fillColor);
invalidate();
}
public int getFillColor() {
return mFillColor;
}
public int getBorderWidth() {
return mBorderWidth;
}
public void setBorderWidth(int borderWidth) {
if (borderWidth == mBorderWidth) {
return;
}
mBorderWidth = borderWidth;
setup();
}
@Override
public void setImageBitmap(Bitmap bm) {
super.setImageBitmap(bm);
mBitmap = bm;
setup();
}
@Override
public void setImageDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
super.setImageDrawable(drawable);
mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(drawable);
setup();
}
@Override
public void setImageResource(int resId) {
super.setImageResource(resId);
mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable());
setup();
}
@Override
public void setImageURI(Uri uri) {
super.setImageURI(uri);
mBitmap = uri != null ? getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable()) : null;
setup();
}
private Bitmap getBitmapFromDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
if (drawable == null) {
return null;
}
if (drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable) {
return ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
}
try {
Bitmap bitmap;
if (drawable instanceof ColorDrawable) {
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, BITMAP_CONFIG);
} else {
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), BITMAP_CONFIG);
}
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
drawable.draw(canvas);
return bitmap;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
private void setup() {
if (!mReady) {
mSetupPending = true;
return;
}
if (getWidth() == 0 && getHeight() == 0) {
return;
}
if (mBitmap == null) {
invalidate();
return;
}
mBitmapShader = new BitmapShader(mBitmap, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
mBitmapPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mBitmapPaint.setShader(mBitmapShader);
mBorderPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mBorderPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
mBorderPaint.setStrokeWidth(mBorderWidth);
mFillPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mFillPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mFillPaint.setColor(mFillColor);
mBitmapHeight = mBitmap.getHeight();
mBitmapWidth = mBitmap.getWidth();
mBorderRect.set(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
mBorderRect.inset(mBorderWidth / 2, mBorderWidth / 2);
mBorderRadius = Math.min((mBorderRect.height() - mBorderWidth) / 2, (mBorderRect.width() - mBorderWidth) / 2);
mDrawableRect.set(mBorderRect);
if (!mBorderRect.isEmpty()) {
mDrawableRect.inset(mBorderWidth, mBorderWidth);
}
mDrawableRadius = Math.min(mDrawableRect.height() / 2, mDrawableRect.width() / 2);
updateShaderMatrix();
invalidate();
}
private void updateShaderMatrix() {
float scale;
float dx = 0;
float dy = 0;
mShaderMatrix.set(null);
if (mBitmapWidth * mDrawableRect.height() > mDrawableRect.width() * mBitmapHeight) {
scale = mDrawableRect.height() / (float) mBitmapHeight;
dx = (mDrawableRect.width() - mBitmapWidth * scale) * 0.5f;
} else {
scale = mDrawableRect.width() / (float) mBitmapWidth;
dy = (mDrawableRect.height() - mBitmapHeight * scale) * 0.5f;
}
mShaderMatrix.setScale(scale, scale);
mShaderMatrix.postTranslate((int) (dx + 0.5f) + mDrawableRect.left, (int) (dy + 0.5f) + mDrawableRect.top);
mBitmapShader.setLocalMatrix(mShaderMatrix);
}
}
在CircleImageView類中重寫onDraw方法,繪製圓形圖片,同時實現一些設置圓環等屬性的方法。代碼中定義了三個Paint對象,分別用於設置圖片、邊框和填充圓的屬性。
4、使用Picasso加載圖片
使用Picasso,可以簡化應用中加載圖片的過程。以下是使用Picasso的代碼片段。
//引入Picasso庫
dependencies {
implementation 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.71828'
}
//在java文件中設置
ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);
Picasso.with(context).load("圖片url").into(imageView);
5、Glide加載圓角圖片
我們還可以使用Glide加載圓角圖片。
//在java文件中設置
ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);
Glide.with(this).load("圖片url").apply(RequestOptions.bitmapTransform(new RoundedCorners(20))).into(imageView);
四、總結
本文主要介紹了Android ImageView控件的重要性以及使用方法。文章涵蓋了設置本地資源文件、使用網絡圖片、使用圓形圖片、使用Picasso加載圖片和Glide加載圓角圖片等幾個方面。我們相信,通過本文的介紹,讀者可以更好地了解ImageView控件,並且在應用中能夠更好地使用ImageView控件。
原創文章,作者:MDDH,如若轉載,請註明出處:https://www.506064.com/zh-hk/n/149721.html
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