一、SMTP郵件服務器介紹

SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）是互聯網上的郵件傳輸協議，SMTP郵件服務器是負責發送和接收電子郵件的服務器。在發送郵件時，需要使用SMTP郵件服務器進行身份驗證，確保要發送的郵件不是垃圾郵件。SMTP郵件服務器通常需要通過用戶名和密碼進行身份驗證，並提供基於SSL或TLS的加密通信功能。在這個前提下，我們才能夠利用Python實現SMTP郵件服務器發送郵件。

二、Python SMTP庫介紹

Python SMTP庫是Python標準庫中提供的郵件發送庫，可以方便地使用SMTP郵件服務器發送郵件。Python SMTP庫支持常見的郵件發送需求，包括添加收件人、添加附件、設置郵件主題和正文等。

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

mail_host = 'smtp.example.com'
mail_user = 'your_username'
mail_pass = 'your_password'
sender = 'your_sender_address'
receiver = 'your_receiver_address'
subject = 'your_subject'
content = 'your_content'

msg = MIMEText(content)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = receiver

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    smtpObj.quit()
    print('郵件發送成功')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print('郵件發送失敗')

三、Python SMTP庫使用示例

以下示例代碼展示了如何使用Python SMTP庫實現發送一份郵件。在該郵件中，我們向收件人發送一份包含主題和正文的簡單郵件。

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

mail_host = 'smtp.example.com'
mail_user = 'your_username'
mail_pass = 'your_password'
sender = 'your_sender_address'
receiver = 'your_receiver_address'
subject = 'your_subject'
content = 'your_content'

msg = MIMEText(content)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = receiver

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    smtpObj.quit()
    print('郵件發送成功')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print('郵件發送失敗')

四、Python SMTP庫實現添加附件

除了發送純文本郵件外，我們還可以使用Python SMTP庫實現添加附件的功能。下面的示例展示了如何實現添加附件的操作。

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication

mail_host = 'smtp.example.com'
mail_user = 'your_username'
mail_pass = 'your_password'
sender = 'your_sender_address'
receiver = 'your_receiver_address'
subject = 'your_subject'
content = 'your_content'

msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = receiver

attachment_path = '/path/to/your/attachment'
with open(attachment_path, 'rb') as fp:
    attachment = MIMEApplication(fp.read())
    attachment.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='your_attachment_filename')
    msg.attach(attachment)

text = MIMEText(content)
msg.attach(text)

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    smtpObj.quit()
    print('郵件發送成功')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print('郵件發送失敗')

五、Python SMTP庫實現HTML郵件

Python SMTP庫也支持發送HTML郵件，下面是一個使用Python SMTP庫實現發送HTML郵件的簡單示例。

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

mail_host = 'smtp.example.com'
mail_user = 'your_username'
mail_pass = 'your_password'
sender = 'your_sender_address'
receiver = 'your_receiver_address'
subject = 'your_subject'
content = '
your_html_content
'

msg = MIMEText(content, 'html')
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = receiver

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    smtpObj.quit()
    print('郵件發送成功')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print('郵件發送失敗')

六、Python SMTP庫實現發送帶有圖片的HTML郵件

除了發送HTML郵件外，我們還可以在HTML郵件中添加圖片。下面的示例展示了如何實現發送帶有圖片的HTML郵件。

import smtplib
import os
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from urllib.request import urlopen

mail_host = 'smtp.example.com'
mail_user = 'your_username'
mail_pass = 'your_password'
sender = 'your_sender_address'
receiver = 'your_receiver_address'
subject = 'your_subject'
content = ''

msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = receiver

image_url = 'https://your_image_url.jpg'
image_data = urlopen(image_url).read()
image = MIMEImage(image_data)
image.add_header('Content-ID', '')
msg.attach(image)

text = MIMEText(content, 'html')
msg.attach(text)

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    smtpObj.quit()
    print('郵件發送成功')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print('郵件發送失敗')