一、GzipInputStream解压
在进行文件传输或存储时,文件的压缩可以有效的减少带宽的使用和存储空间的占用。其中,GZIP压缩是一种强大的压缩方式。
GzipInputStream是Java中实现对GZIP文件进行解压的核心类,通过其解压方法可以将压缩文件解压为原始文件。
public class GZipDemo { public void unZip() throws IOException { String inputFilePath = "example.gz"; String outputFilePath = "example.txt"; try ( GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream( new FileInputStream(inputFilePath))) { FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFilePath); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int length; while ((length = gzipInputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) { fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, length); } } } }
以上代码演示了如何通过GzipInputStream解压.gz文件,最终将解压后的文件存储为example.txt。
二、GzipInputStream读取文件内存溢出
当压缩文件非常大时,可能会导致内存溢出。为了避免这种情况的发生,我们可以使用GzipInputStream读取文件时,每次只读取一部分数据。
public void unZip() throws IOException { String inputFilePath = "example.gz"; String outputFilePath = "example.txt"; try ( GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream( new FileInputStream(inputFilePath))) { try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFilePath)) { int bufferSize = 1024; byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize]; int len; while ((len = gzipInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize)) != -1) { fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } fileOutputStream.flush(); } } }
按照以上方式读取数据,我们可以有效地避免内存溢出的问题。
三、GzipInputStream用法
以下为GzipInputStream的常用方法:
- public GZIPInputStream(InputStream in):使用默认缓冲区大小创建GzipInputStream对象
- public GZIPInputStream(InputStream in, int size):使用指定缓冲区大小创建GzipInputStream对象
- public int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException:从输入流中读取b.length个字节到字节数组b中,并返回实际读取的字节数
- public void close() throws IOException:关闭输入流
四、GzipInputStream耗CPU
由于GzipInputStream需要对压缩文件进行解压,因此会消耗一定的CPU资源。当需要处理大量压缩文件时,我们可以考虑使用多线程并发处理的方式来提高效率。
以下为使用多线程解压方式的示例代码:
public void unzipFiles(List fileList) { ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5); List<Callable> calls = new ArrayList(); for (File file : fileList) { calls.add(() -> { String filePath = file.getAbsolutePath(); String outPath = "out" + File.separator + file.getName().substring(0, file.getName().length() - 3); try (GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(gzipInputStream); BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(outPath))) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) { out.write(buffer, 0, len); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return true; }); } try { List<Future> futures = executorService.invokeAll(calls); for (Future future : futures) { boolean result = future.get(); System.out.println("result : " + result); } } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { executorService.shutdown(); } }
上述代码演示了如何使用线程池的方式进行多线程解压,通过将解压任务提交给线程池去处理,可以有效提升解压的效率。
五、GzipInputStream解压gz文件
GzipInputStream在解压.gzip文件时表现出色。我们可以使用以下代码来解压.gzip文件:
public static void gzipInputStreamByFile(File file) throws IOException { String inputFile = file.getAbsolutePath(); String outputFile = inputFile.substring(0, inputFile.lastIndexOf(".")); try (GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFile); OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(gzipInputStream))) { String line; while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { outputStreamWriter.write(line); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
以上代码演示了如何使用GzipInputStream解压.gzip文件,并将解压后的文件按行写入到新建的文件中。
六、GzipInputStream解压成多个文件
有时候,我们需要将一个压缩文件解压为多个文件。以下是如何使用GzipInputStream将压缩文件解压为多个文件的代码:
public static void unzipBySize(File file, long maxSize) throws IOException { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; long totalSize = 0L; int count = 0; String filePath = file.getAbsolutePath(); try (GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file); ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(gzipInputStream); DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(gzipInputStream); BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(gzipInputStream)) { String line; while ((line = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)).readLine()) != null) { filePath += "_out_" + ++count; try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath); OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8); BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(outputStreamWriter)) { while (totalSize < maxSize) { int len = in.read(buffer); if (len == -1) { break; } bufferedWriter.write(new String(buffer, 0, len)); bufferedWriter.newLine(); totalSize += len; } } totalSize = 0L; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
我们通过将解压后的文件写入到一个新的文件中,以达到将压缩文件解压成多个文件的目的。
七、GzipInputStream读取文件不全
在使用GzipInputStream读取文件时,可能会出现文件读取不全的情况。这种情况一般是因为文件格式不正确或压缩数据被损坏等原因导致。我们可以在程序中添加异常处理机制,当读取文件不全时可以做出相应的处理。
public static void readFully(InputStream is, byte[] buffer, int len) throws IOException { int total = 0; while (total < len) { int result = is.read(buffer, total, len - total); if (result == -1) { throw new EOFException("Unexpected end of GZIP input stream"); } total += result; } } public static void unzip(InputStream input, OutputStream output) throws IOException { try (GZIPInputStream in = new GZIPInputStream(input)) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1) { output.write(buffer, 0, len); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); input.close(); output.close(); } }
以上代码演示了如何在GzipInputStream读取文件时添加异常处理机制,当文件读取不全时可以及时进行处理。
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