一、Maven 简介
Maven 是一个Java项目的自动化构建工具，通过Maven进行构建，可以使构建过程更加稳定、可靠。它可以自动下载需要的依赖和插件，自动识别出项目中需要编译、打包和测试的源代码，并进行适当的管理和配置。
在使用 Maven 的过程中，我们需要将 JDK 配置好，才能完成项目的自动化构建。下面将从多个方面进行 JDK 的配置。
二、配置 JDK 环境变量
首先，需要配置 JDK 环境变量。在 Windows 环境下，需要将 JDK 的 bin 目录路径添加到 PATH 环境变量中。
<!-- Windows 环境下，添加 JDK bin 目录到 PATH 环境变量 -->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>windows</id>
<activation>
<os>
<family>windows</family>
</os>
</activation>
<properties>
<path.separator>;</path.separator>
<jdk.home>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_211</jdk.home>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>initialize</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-source</goal>
<goal>add-resource</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.home}\src.zip</source>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${jdk.home}\jre\lib\rt.jar</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
三、配置 JAVA_HOME 环境变量
然后，需要将 JDK 的安装路径添加到 JAVA_HOME 环境变量中，以便 Maven 可以找到 JDK。
<!-- Windows 环境下，配置 JAVA_HOME 环境变量 -->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>windows</id>
<activation>
<os>
<family>windows</family>
</os>
</activation>
<properties>
<path.separator>;</path.separator>
<jdk.home>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_211</jdk.home>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>initialize</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-source</goal>
<goal>add-resource</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.home}\src.zip</source>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${jdk.home}\jre\lib\rt.jar</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<compilerId>javac</compilerId>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<executable>${jdk.home}/bin/javac</executable>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.tools</groupId>
<artifactId>javac</artifactId>
<version>9+181</version>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>${jdk.home}/lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>default</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<jdk.home>/usr/lib/jvm/java-openjdk</jdk.home>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>initialize</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-source</goal>
<goal>add-resource</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.home}/src.zip</source>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${jdk.home}/jre/lib/rt.jar</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
四、配置构建插件
为了使 Maven 正确地使用 JDK 进行编译和测试，我们需要为项目配置构建插件。
<!-- 配置 Maven 构建插件，使用 JDK 进行编译和测试 -->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>windows</id>
<activation>
<os>
<family>windows</family>
</os>
</activation>
<properties>
<path.separator>;</path.separator>
<jdk.home>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_211</jdk.home>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>initialize</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-source</goal>
<goal>add-resource</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.home}\src.zip</source>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${jdk.home}\jre\lib\rt.jar</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<compilerId>javac</compilerId>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<executable>${jdk.home}/bin/javac</executable>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.tools</groupId>
<artifactId>javac</artifactId>
<version>9+181</version>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>${jdk.home}/lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.0</version>
<configuration>
<forkCount>1</forkCount>
<argLine>-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Duser.timezone=GMT+08</argLine>
<systemPropertyVariables>
<java.awt.headless>true</java.awt.headless>
</systemPropertyVariables>
<workingDirectory>${project.basedir}</workingDirectory>
<testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>default</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<jdk.home>/usr/lib/jvm/java-openjdk</jdk.home>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
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