一、从Android上传文件到SpringBoot
在开发过程中，经常需要上传文件到后端服务器。这里介绍一种将Android文件上传到SpringBoot服务器的方法。主要过程如下：
1、在Android中选择文件
private static final int FILE_SELECT_CODE = 1;
private void showFileChooser() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
intent.setType("*/*");
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
try {
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "请选择一个文件"), FILE_SELECT_CODE);
} catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
// no file manager installed
}
}
2、在Android中上传文件
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
if (requestCode == FILE_SELECT_CODE) {
// Get the Uri of the selected file
Uri uri = data.getData();
String filePath = FileUtils.getPath(this, uri);
Log.d(TAG, "file path:" + filePath);
uploadFile(filePath);
}
}
private void uploadFile(String filePath) {
if (filePath == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "请选择文件", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
File file = new File(filePath);
RequestBody fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);
MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file", file.getName(), fileBody);
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("http://localhost:8080/")//后端地址
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
UploadService uploadService = retrofit.create(UploadService.class);
Call<Result> resultCall = uploadService.uploadFile(body);
resultCall.enqueue(new Callback<Result>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<Result> call, Response<Result> response) {
Result result = response.body();
if (result.isSuccess()) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "上传成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<Result> call, Throwable t) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "上传失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
3、后端使用SpringBoot接收文件
@PostMapping("/uploadFile")
public Result uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
if (!file.isEmpty()) {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
String filePath = "d:/upload/";
File dest = new File(filePath + fileName);
try {
file.transferTo(dest);
return Result.success("上传成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return Result.fail("没有选择文件");
}
二、Android上传文件控件
除了手动选择文件上传外，还可以使用第三方上传文件控件，例如百度云提供的开源控件BOSUploadFileSDK。
compile 'com.baidu:bos-upload-sdk:1.0.3'
//...
BosUploadFileSDK.getInstance(this, AK, SK, endpoint, bucketName)
.selectFileAndUpload(new OnUploadListener() {...});
三、Android文件选择和上传
一个通用的Android文件选择和上传示例：
EditText filePathET;//显示文件路径的文本框
Button chooseFileBT;//点击选择文件的按钮
Button uploadBT;//点击上传按钮
ProgressBar uploadPB;//显示上传进度
String filePath;//上传文件的路径
private void chooseFile() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
intent.setType("*/*");
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
try {
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "请选择要上传的文件"), 1);
} catch (ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
showToast("请先安装一个文件管理程序");
}
}
private void uploadFile() {
if (filePath == null) {
showToast("请选择要上传的文件");
return;
}
File file = new File(filePath);
RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);
MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file", file.getName(), requestFile);
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(BASE_URL)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
UploadService uploadService = retrofit.create(UploadService.class);
Call<Result> call = uploadService.uploadFile(body);
call.enqueue(new Callback<Result>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<Result> call, Response<Result> response) {
Result result = response.body();
if (result != null && result.isSuccess()) {
showToast("上传成功");
} else {
showToast("上传失败");
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<Result> call, Throwable t) {
showToast("上传失败");
}
});
}
四、Android上传文件源码和PHP源码
Android上传文件源码和后端PHP源码：
Android源码：
private void uploadFile() {
if (filePath == null) {
showToast("请选择要上传的文件");
return;
}
File file = new File(filePath);
RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);
MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file", file.getName(), requestFile);
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(BASE_URL)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
UploadService uploadService = retrofit.create(UploadService.class);
Call<Result> call = uploadService.uploadFile(body);
call.enqueue(new Callback<Result>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<Result> call, Response<Result> response) {
Result result = response.body();
if (result != null && result.isSuccess()) {
showToast("上传成功");
} else {
showToast("上传失败");
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<Result> call, Throwable t) {
showToast("上传失败");
}
});
}
PHP源码：
<?php
$file=$_FILES['file'];
$info=pathinfo($file['name']);
$ext=$info['extension'];
$types=array("jpg","png","gif","bmp");
if(!in_array($ext,$types)){
exit("格式错误，只支持后缀为jpg、png、gif、bmp的文件！");
}
$path="./uploads/".$file['name'];
$tmp=$file['tmp_name'];
move_uploaded_file($tmp,$path);//移动上传文件
echo "上传成功！";
?>
五、Android和iOS传文件
Android和iOS传文件使用的是相同的协议，可以使用同一套代码来实现文件的上传和下载。
六、Android上传文件到服务器
上传文件到服务器需要先在Android客户端进行文件的选择和上传，并将文件流通过HTTP请求发送到服务器。服务器端则需要解析HTTP请求，及时接收并处理上传的文件。Android客户端使用Apache HttpClient发起请求，服务器端使用SpringBoot来接收请求并处理文件。
七、Android上传文件到云端
Android上传文件到云端，可以使用云存储服务，例如阿里云OSS、腾讯云COS等。
// AliOSS示例代码
private OSS oss;
private void initOss(String endpoint, String accessKeyId, String accessKeySecret, String bucketName) {
OSSCredentialProvider credentialProvider = new OSSPlainTextAKSKCredentialProvider(accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
ClientConfiguration configuration = new ClientConfiguration();
configuration.setConnectionTimeout(15 * 1000);
configuration.setSocketTimeout(15 * 1000);
oss = new OSSClient(getApplicationContext(), endpoint, credentialProvider, configuration);
}
private void uploadToAliOSS(String objectKey, String filePath) {
PutObjectRequest put = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectKey, filePath);
oss.asyncPutObject(put, new OSSCompletedCallback() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(PutObjectRequest request, PutObjectResult result) {
showToast("上传成功");
}
@Override
public void onFailure(PutObjectRequest request, ClientException clientException, ServiceException serviceException) {
showToast("上传失败");
}
});
}
八、Android上传文件到仓库
Android上传文件到仓库，可以使用第三方仓库服务，例如MavenCentral仓库中的nexus-staging-maven-plugin插件。
// Gradle示例代码
apply plugin: 'maven-publish'
publishing {
publications {
maven(MavenPublication) {
groupId "com.example"
artifactId "library"
version "1.0.0"
artifact("$buildDir/outputs/aar/library-release.aar")
}
}
repositories {
maven {
url 'http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-releases/'
credentials {
username 'admin'
password 'admin'
}
}
}
}
九、Android上传文件到OSS
Android上传文件到OSS，可以使用阿里云OSS提供的Java SDK。
// Gradle示例代码
implementation 'com.aliyun.oss:aliyun-sdk-oss:2.9.2'
// Java示例代码
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("local_file_path");
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, inputStream);
PutObjectResult putObjectResult = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
ossClient.shutdown();
十、亚马逊S3 Android上传文件
亚马逊S3 Android上传文件需要在Android客户端集成亚马逊提供的AWSService SDK。
// Gradle示例代码
implementation 'com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-s3:2.5.6'
// Java示例代码
AmazonS3 s3Client = new AmazonS3Client(new BasicAWSCredentials(accessKeyId, secretKey));
s3Client.setRegion(Region.getRegion(Regions.fromName(region)));
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, key, file);
s3Client.putObject(putObjectRequest);
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